Inothi loMhleli: Le kholomu yemibono iyahluka embonweni owethulwe umlobi wephephandaba oyisivakashi u-Brian Ronholm othi “Indlela Yokugwema Ukudideka Ngejubane Lomugqa Wokubulala Izinkukhu”.
Ukuhlatshwa kwezinkukhu akuhambisani nezidingo ze-HACCP 101. Izingozi eziyinhloko zezinkukhu ezingavuthiwe yi-Salmonella kanye ne-Campylobacter pathogens. Lezi zingozi azitholakalanga ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwezinyoni ezibonakalayo ze-FSIS. Izifo ezibonakalayo ezingatholwa abahloli be-FSIS zisekelwe ku-paradigm yekhulu le-19 ne-20 ukuthi izifo ezibonakalayo zibeka ingozi empilweni yomphakathi. Iminyaka engamashumi amane yedatha ye-CDC iyakuphikisa lokhu.
Ngokuphathelene nokungcoliswa kwe-fecal, emakhishini abathengi akuzona izinkukhu ezingaphekiwe, kodwa ukungcoliswa okuphambene. Nasi isifinyezo: Luber, Petra. 2009. Inyama Yenkukhu Noma Amaqanda Okungaphekwa Kahle—Iziphi Izingozi Okumelwe Ziqedwe Kuqala? amazwe ngamazwe. J. Food microbiology. 134:21-28 . Lawa mazwana asekelwa ezinye izihloko ezibonisa ukungakwazi kwabathengi abavamile.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukungcola okuningi kwendle akubonakali. Lapho i-epilator isusa izimpaphe, iminwe icindezela isidumbu, idonsa indle ngaphandle kwe-cloaca. Iminwe ibe icindezela indle efollicle yosiba engenalutho, engabonakali kumhloli.
Iphepha le-Agricultural Research Service (ARS) elisekela ukugezwa kwendle ebonakalayo evela ezidunjini zezinkukhu libonise ukuthi indle engabonakali ingcolisa izidumbu (Blankenship, LC et al. 1993. Broiler Carcassses Reprocessing, Extra Evaluation. J. Food Prot. 56: 983) . -985.).
Ekuqaleni kweminyaka yawo-1990, ngaphakamisa iphrojekthi yocwaningo lwe-ARS kusetshenziswa izinkomba zamakhemikhali ezifana nama-stanols endle ukuze kutholwe ukungcola okungabonakali kwendle ezidumbu zenkomo. Ama-Coprostanols asetshenziswa njengama-biomarker endle yabantu endaweni. Isazi sezinto eziphilayo ze-ARS saphawula ukuthi ukuhlola kungase kuphazamise imboni yezinkukhu.
Ngaphendula ngathi yebo, ngakho ngagxila enyameni yenkomo. UJim Kemp kamuva wenza indlela yokuthola ama-metabolites otshani endle yenkomo.
Le ndle engabonakali kanye namagciwane yingakho i-ARS kanye nabanye sebeneminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amathathu ukuthi amagciwane angena ezilaheni angatholakala ekudleni. Nansi indatshana yakamuva: Berghaus, Roy D. et al. Inombolo ye-Salmonella ne-Campylobacter ngo-2013. Amasampula amapulazi e-organic kanye nokuwashwa kwezidumbu zezinkukhu zezinkukhu ezimbonini ezicutshungulwayo. isicelo. NgoLwesithathu. I-Microl., 79: 4106-4114.
Izinkinga ze-pathogen ziqala epulazini, epulazini, nasezindaweni zokuchanyuselwa. Ukuze ulungise lokhu, ngingaphakamisa ukuthi izinkinga zejubane nokubonakala zingezesibili. Nansi indatshana “endala” yokulawula ngaphambi kokuvuna: U-Pomeroy BS et al. 1989 Ucwaningo olunokwenzeka lokukhiqizwa kwama-turkeys angenayo i-salmonella. Inyoni diss. 33:1-7. Kunamanye amaphepha amaningi.
Inkinga ngokuqalisa ukulawula ngaphambi kokuvuna ihlobene nezindleko. Ungakha kanjani izisusa zezimali zokulawula?
Ngingancoma izindawo zokuhlatshwa ukuze zikhulise isivinini somugqa, kodwa kuphela kuleyo mithombo engenazo izingozi ezinkulu, i-Salmonella ne-Campylobacter, noma okungenani ayinazo izifo zomtholampilo (i-Kentucky Salmonella, engaba i-probiotic uma ingenalo izakhi zofuzo ze-virulence. ). Lokhu kuzohlinzeka ngesikhuthazo sezomnotho sokuqalisa izinyathelo zokulawula futhi kunciphise umthwalo wezempilo womphakathi ohlobene nokukhiqizwa kwezinkukhu (amaphepha amaningi akhuluma ngale ndaba eyengeziwe.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-13-2023